Description:
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GE-mstn red sea bream was generated through microinjection of fertilized Pagrus major eggs with a single sgRNA targeting exon 1 of the myostatin gene (mstn) and a Cas9 encoding RNA. mstn encodes a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Genome edited founder fish (G0) with the desired mutation in the mstn gene was used to breed homozygous fish.
A 14 bp deletion in exon 1 of the targeted mstn gene results in fish with increased skeletal muscle and improved feed utilization efficiency. GE-mstn red sea bream has an increased edible meat portion.
Putative off-targets in the genome of red sea bream were identified and sequence analysis suggested that none of the sequences had off-target mutations. The application documents indicate that the mutation was inherited through several generations and that the trait is genetically stable.
This event was first approved for commercialization in Japan in 2021.
Sources:
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW, Japan) - Public notification document (translation of the document using DeepL)
Kishimoto et al. (2018), Production of a breed of red sea bream Pagrus major with an increase of skeletal muscle mass and reduced body length by genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9. Aquaculture 495:415-427.
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Links regarding to this GMO:
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Scientific publication - Kishimoto et al. (2018) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848617324705?via%3Dihub,
MHLW document (Japanese document) https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/11120000/000833887.pdf,
MHLW (Japanese) https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/shokuhin/bio/genomed/newpage_00010.html,
ISAAA - Crop Biotech Update https://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=19061
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Transformation / Modification technique:
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CRISPR/Cas
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